Wrench.



PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906.

J. F. 'TINER.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED 001". 24.1905.

2 SHEETS SHEET 1.

INVENTOR 707712 Tine?- 1 Aflaflzq m MM m 7 PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906 J. F.TINER.

WRENCH.

Z 15 J30. v @f middle portion.

'FigS. i, 5, and 6 UNITED s ATEs PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 6, 1906.

Application filed October 24, 1905. Serial No. 284,176.

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. TINER, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Uvalde, in the county of Uvalde and State of Texas, havemade a certain new and useful Invention in Wrenches and I declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, suchas will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to makeand use the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

Figure 1 is a side view of my wrench with the handle-lever released.Fig. 2 is a similar view, partly in section, with the handle-leverclosed against the main jaw-shank, the released positions of the partsbeing shown in dotted lines. Fig. 3 is a sideview of the Wrench with theteeth of the handle-lever released from the teeth of the main jaw-shank'. are detail views showing the teeth of the handle-leverrespectively pressed into engagement, released, and swung out ofengagement with the teeth of the main j awshank. Figs. 7, 8, and .9 aredetail views showing different positions of the pipe-wrench aws.

The invention has relation to wrenches of that type wherein the movablejaw and its operating-lever are on opposite sides of the shank of themain jaw; and it consists in the novel construction and combination ofparts,

- as hereinafter set forth.

The object of the invention is to provide a powerful wrench of simpleconstruction wherein the movement for the operation of the jaws is ofslight degree, partially automatic, and easily effected.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a designates the main jaw, and6 its shank, which is straight, the jaw a extending from its end atright angles. The opposite side of the shank b from the jaw a isprovided with a series of V-form angular teeth 0 at about its Theseteeth are incut or set with their outer ends even with the plane of theside of the shank, so that the slide end of the lever of the movable jawwill readily pass over them when this jaw is being adjusted.

The movable aw d is provided with a short shank e, extending along themain shank, and the adjacent sides of this short shank and the mainshank are smooth. The jaw (1 extends at right angles to the short shank,parallel to the main jaw. The movable jaw is connected to the shank ofthe main jaw by a broad loop which is sufficiently loose to allow themovable jaw to rock a little. The end of the short shank of the movableaw is pivoted to cheek-lugs g of the lever-handle h, said lugs embracingthe main shank. The handle it is an obtuse-angle lever provided withseveral fulcrum-teeth-usually three or fouron the side next the mainshank at the angle of the lever. These teeth have parallel sides, arerounded at top and bottom, and project from the side surface is of thelever-handle, as indicated at m, said side surface being rounded outwardto the upper end of the handle to provide a rounded extension or slideend 2) beyond said teeth m. Now while the extremity of this slide end isopposite or nearly opposite to the pivot Q) of the short shank e theteeth m stand in an oblique direction from said pivot at an angle ofabout fortyfive degrees, more or less, according to the amount of rockwhich it is desired to give to the movable jaw. On account of theoblique position of the teeth m there is a greater distance betweenthese teeth and said pivot than there is between the pivot and the slideend 1). Therefore the handle k can readily be swung to oblique position,bringing the rounded slide end of said handle into contact with the mainshank and freeing the teeth m,

of said handle from the ratchet or series of teeth of said main shank.This is the posi tion of the parts for adjustment of the movable aw, andit is normally maintained by a spring 8, connected to the short shankand adapted to slide on the main shank but after the movable jaw hasbeen adjusted to the work the lever-handle is brought by the graspagainst the main shank, this action engaging the fulcrum-teeth m withthe teeth of the main shank and closing the short shank toward theopposite side of the main shank. In this manner a kind of rockingmovement of the movable jaw is efiected, forcing it toward the main jaw,so as to cause it to tighten on the work with great power. By loosen ingthe grasp on the lever-handle the fulcrum-teeth will be caused by thespring to rock on the ratchet of the main shank, retracting the movablejaw, so that its engagement will be released sufliciently to allow thewrench to be turned on the work for a new purchase.

The wrench-jaws may be finished plane for nutwork or may have concaveseries of teeth for pipework, according to requirement.

IIO

The cheek-lugs g act as.a work-arm for the handle-lever, the toothedengagement of the handle-lever with the fixed jaw acting as a fulcrumupon which this work-arm swings,

5 the line jolning the pivotal connection of lever and movable jaw withthe fulcrum-point having an obtuse-angle relation to the handle end ofthe lever of about one hundred and thirty-five degrees. The slide end ofthe IO handle-lever acts as a stop to limit the automatic separation ofthe movable from the "fixed jaw under the action of the spring andfurther acts as a fulcrum upon which the handle-lever may swing toentirely separate the T 5 teeth of the handle-lever from those of the'fixed jaw when the movable jaw is to be moved for a considerableadjustment.

This wrench can be instantly adjusted,

takes a perfect grip with a slight adjustment of the parts, slackens thegrip automatically to take a new hold, will turn in either direction,and will not crush or deface the finest work.

In Figs. 1. 2, 7, 8, and 9 of the drawings the 2 5 jaws of the wrenchare shown as adapted for use with piping. In this case such jaws areprovided with alined tongues and grooves y and 2, which allow the jawsto approach more nearly together for use with small work. 3 The teeth ofthe jaws are formed in converging lines at an angle of about thirtydegrees to the horizontal when the wrench is in vertical position, thesetwo lateral lines of teeth being connected by a line of teeth of sub- 35 stantially horizontal relation. In this way in using the wrench withlarger work the lateral lines of teeth will bear upon the work at fourpoints and at different angles, thereby securing a better grip.

Having described the invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is 1. In a wrench, the combination with a main jaw-shankhaving a series of teeth on the opposite side of the shank from the jaw,of a movable jaw having a short shank and spring on one side of the mainjaw-shank and on the other side thereof an obtuse-angle lever pivoted tothe shank of the movable jaw 5 and having fulcrumteeth in the angle, andbeyond said teeth a slide end, substantially as specified.

2. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw-shank, a movablejaw-shank having at one end thereof a loop connection with the fixedjaw-shank, a handle-lever having a pivotal connection with the other endof the movable jaw-shank and a movable fulcrum-i toothed engagement withthe fixed jaw-1 shank, said handle-lever having a work-arm having anobtuse-angle relation to the handle end of the lever, substantially asspecified.

3. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw-shank, a movablejaw-shank having at 5 one end thereof a loop connection with the fixedjaw-shank, a handle-lever having a pivotal connection with the other endof the movable jaw-shank and a movable fulcrumtoothed en agement withthe fixed jawshank, saiddrandle-lever having a work-arm having anobtuse-angle relation to the handle end of the lever of about onehundred and thirty-five degrees, and a spring between the fixed jaw andthe movable jaw, substantially as specified. 7 5

4. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw-shank, a movablevjaw-shank having at one end thereof a loop connection with the fixedjaw-shank, a handle-lever having a pivotal connection with the other endof the movable jaw-shank and a movable fulcrumtoothed en agement withthe fixed jawshank, said 'andle-lever having a work-arm having anobtuse-angle relation to the handle end of the lever, and having arounded slide end, and a spring for separating the movable jaw from thefixed jaw, substantially as specified.

-5. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw-shank, 'a movablejaw-shank having at 0 one end thereof a loop connection with the fixedjaw-shank, a handle-lever having a pivotal connection with the other endof the movable jaw-shank, and a movable fulcrumtoothed en agement withthe fixed jawshank, said handle-lever having a work-arm having anobtuse-angle relation to the handle end of the lever and having arounded slide and fulcrum end, and a spring between the movable jaw andthe fixed jaw, substantially as specified.

6. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw-shank a movable jaw-shankhaving at one end thereof, a loop connection with the fixed jaw-shank, ahandle-lever having a pivotal connection with the other end of themovable jaw-shank and a movable fulcrumtoothed engagement with the fixedjawshank, said handle-lever having a Work-arm having an obtuse-anglerelation to the handle end of the lever, the jaws of the wrench havingalined tongues and grooves adapted to engage for small work,substantially as specified 7. In a wrench, a toothed fixed jaw and a 115toothed movable jaw, said jaws having alined tongues and grooves adaptedto engage for small work, substantially as specified.

S. In a wrench a toothed fixed jaw and a toothed movable jaw, said jawshaving alined I 20 ton ues and grooves and having lateral converg'edlines of teeth of an angular relation to the horizontal of about thirtydegrees, and connected by a substantially horizontal line of teeth,substantially as specified.

9. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw-shank, a movablejaw-shank having at one-end thereof a loop connection with the fixedjaw-shank, a handle-lever having a pivotal connection with the other endof the 130 movable jaw-shank, and a movable fulcrumtoothed engagementwith the fixed j aW-shank, said handle-lever having a Work-arm havingconnected by a substantially horizontal line of teeth, substantially asspecified. 10

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature an obtuse-angle relation tothe handle end of in presence of two Witnesses.

the lever, the jaws of the Wrench having alined tongues and grooves, andbeing each provided Wlth converging lines of teeth of an angularrelation to the horizontal of about thirty degrees JOHN F. TIN ER.Witnesses:

JEssE L. TINER, B. M. HENRY.

